计算的美丽–1998年图灵奖获得者James Gray

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James N.Gray (1944–Missing 01/28/2007)

图灵奖获得时间:

1998年。 第三十三位图灵奖(1998年)获得者。

图灵奖引用(Turing Award Citation) :

For seminal contributions to database and transaction processing research and technical leadership in system implementation.

【笔者译:】

 (授予James Gray图灵奖以表彰其在) 数据库和事务(Transaction)处理研究领域开创性的贡献,和其在系统实现方面的领导地位。

 笔者注:

James Gray于2007年1月28日在旧金山出海去一个叫做Farallon Islands的小岛祭典并抛洒其去世的母亲骨灰时失踪。 James Gray失踪后,各方面进行了大规模的搜寻。其中也包括2007年2月1日,Digital Globe的卫星拍摄并发布了大量附近海面的卫星地图图像在Amazon Mechanical Turk上。并呼吁互联网用户查看图像从而可以定位James Gray的小船。

对James Gray的寻找活动中在2007年5月31日正式停止。

下图所示为Farallon Islands的位置图和当时各界搜寻James Gray所覆盖的区域:

关于事务处理(Transaction Processing):

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_processing

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_transaction

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACID

Transaction Processing

Transaction Processing Concepts and Techniques

事务处理的通常理论定义:

The execution of business operations consisting of one or several requests or updates to a system as discrete units of work, each of them a transaction.

A transaction has a start and it is finished by either a commit-command to activate all its changes made to the system or by a rollback-command to roll back the system to the previous state

That means: A transaction either processes all of its changes or none of them. After the execution the system is always left in a valid state.

Transactions have 4 basic properties – the so called ACID properties

A = Atomicity (a transaction is completely finished or completely rolled back)
C = Consistency (system gets a valid new state or stays in the previous state)
I = Isolation (transaction is separated from other ones during processing)
D = Durability (system is left in a valid state even after a system failure)
 

Turing Award Lecture(图灵奖演讲文章):

What Next? A Few Remaining Problems in Information Technlogy, SIGMOD Conference 1999, ACM Turing Award Lecture.

James Gray简介:

James N. Gray1966年从Berkeley(www.berkeley.edu )获得其工程数学的学士学位,并于1969年获得其计算机科学的博士学位。

Gray博士毕业后,加入了工业界,先后任职于IBM(www.ibm.com ),Tandem(www.tandem.com , 已经是HP(www.hp.com )的一部分和DEC(www.dec.com ,目前已是HP的一部分)。

目前,Gray任职与微软研究院(http://research.microsoft.com/ ),主要从事大型数据库和事务处理的研究。

James Gray Wiki :

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_N._Gray

James Gray在微软公司研究院的主页:

http://research.microsoft.com/~Gray/

关于微软研究院: http://research.microsoft.com/

An Interview with Jim Gray June 2003, Interviewed by David A. Patterson

ACM和加大伯克利分校在2008年3月31日召开了纪念Jim Gray的活动,请参阅:

http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/IPRO/JimGrayTribute/

James Gray照片:
 
 

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